Native Plants

Native Plant List – Arizona & New Mexico

Last updated: October 3, 2026

This is a "starter" list of native plants for Arizona and New Mexico. It is intended for residential or commercial landscapers who want to create attractive and varied native landscapes.

Arizona and New Mexico Trees

Common Name	Scientific Name	Sun	Moisture	Height	Comments
Whitethorn Acacia	Acacia constricta	F	D	10 ft	Caliche okay. White blossoms.
Sweet Acacia	Acacia farnesiana	F	D	15 ft	Yellow fragrant blossoms. Fast grower.
Arizona Madrone	Arbutus arizonica	F	D	20-45 ft	Slow evergreen Sky Island tree; peeling pink bark, berries for birds
Texas Madrone	Arbutus xalapensis	F-P	D	15–30 ft	Slow evergreen tree; peeling cinnamon bark; winter flowers
Crucifixion Thorn	Canotia holacantha	F	D	10-20 ft	Leafless spine-tipped green stems; very slow growing; sculptural
Western Redbud	Cercis occidentalis	F-P	D	10–20 ft	Spectacular bare-branch spring bloom; needs sharp drainage
Birchleaf mountain mahogany	Cercocarpus betuloides	F-P	D	6-20 ft	Slow-growing; silvery twisted seed plumes; resprouts after fire
Desert Willow	Chilopsis linearis	F	D	20 ft	Pink or purple flowers attract hummingbirds. Deciduous.
River Hawthorn	Crataegus rivularis	F-P	A-W	10-25 ft	Thicket-forming streamside hawthorn; dark fruit, intermontane West
Fleshy Hawthorn	Crataegus succulenta	F-P	A-W	13-26 ft	Most wide-ranging US hawthorn; thorny thicket shrub, red fleshy fruit
Arizona Cyprus	Cupressus arizonica	F	A	70 ft	Drought and heat tolerant. Soft, grey-green foliage.
California Ash	Fraxinus dipetala	F-P	A-D	10-20 ft	Fragrant 2-petaled spring flowers; very drought tolerant
Gregg Ash	Fraxinus greggii	F-P	A-D	15 ft	Good food for wildlife.
Fantex Ash	Fraxinus velutina	F	A	40 ft	Lush look. Holds dense canopy.
Arizona Walnut	Juglans major	F	A-W	40–50 ft	Male & female flowers on same tree. Deciduous.
California Juniper	Juniperus californica	F	D	10-25 ft	Slow-growing desert-edge conifer, shrub or small tree, berries
Alligator Juniper	Juniperus deppeana	F	A-D	20-50 ft	Slow-growing SW tree; checkered bark; needs sharp drainage
One-seed Juniper	Juniperus monosperma	F	A-D	7-20 ft	Deer-resistant evergreen; winter berries feed birds
Redberry Juniper	Juniperus pinchotii	F	D	6–20 ft	Dense evergreen shrub; distinctive red-brown cones
Feather Tree	Lysiloma watsonii	F-P	D	15–25 ft	Rare in AZ (Rincon Mts); freeze-sensitive, lacy bipinnate foliage
Texas Mulberry	Morus microphylla	F-P	A-D	6-15 ft	Small-leaved native mulberry; sweet edible fruit; needs male & female
Desert Ironwood	Olneya tesota	F	D	25 ft	Protect from extended frost. Slow grower.
Mexican Palo Verde	Parkinsonia aculeata	F	D	15-30 ft	Fast, thorny desert tree; invasive outside native south TX/AZ range
Blue palo verde	Parkinsonia florida	F	D	15–30 ft	AZ state tree; green photosynthetic bark; nurse plant for saguaro
Foothill Palo Verde	Parkinsonia microphylla	F	D	15-25 ft	Slow, long-lived desert tree; saguaro nurse plant; AZ-protected
Engelmann Spruce	Picea engelmannii	F-P	A	80-130 ft	High-elevation conifer; cold-hardy; needs moist, well-drained soil
Rocky Mountain Bristlecone Pine	Pinus aristata	F	D	15-50 ft	Extremely slow-growing high-elevation conifer; rocky, lean, dry sites
Arizona Pine	Pinus arizonica	F	A-D	70-100 ft	Sky-island conifer; AZ/NM only, closely related to Ponderosa Pine
Mexican Pinyon	Pinus cembroides	F	D	15-30 ft	Slow-growing 3-needle pine; rocky dry mountain slopes, AZ/NM/W TX
Arizona Sycamore	Platanus wrightii	F	W-A	40-80 ft	Canyon streamside tree; needs reliable water; white exfoliating bark
Rio Grande Cottonwood	Populus deltoides subsp. wislizeni	F	W	50-90 ft	Massive riparian bosque shade tree; needs reliable water
Screwbean Mesquite	Prosopis pubescens	F	A-D	15–30 ft	Desert wash tree; coiled screw-shaped pods; needs deep water access
Velvet Mesquite	Prosopis velutina	F	A-D	20-30 ft	Thorny desert shade tree; nitrogen-fixer; very drought tolerant
Chickasaw Plum	Prunus angustifolia	F-P	A-D	6–25 ft	Thorny thicket-forming plum; early white bloom, red-orange fruit
Smoke tree	Psorothamnus spinosus	F	D	10-20 ft	Silvery spiny wash tree; brief indigo bloom; needs scarified seed
Arizona Oak	Quercus arizonica	F	A-D	20–60 ft	Slow-growing evergreen oak of SW sky-island woodlands
Canyon Live Oak	Quercus chrysolepis	F-P	A-D	3-10 ft shrub to 60-80 ft tree	Evergreen; golden-fuzzy acorns; tree in canyons, shrub on ridges
Emory Oak	Quercus emoryi	P	D-A	66 ft	Acorns are food for many mammals and birds.
Gray Oak	Quercus grisea	F-P	A-D	6–30 ft	Slow-growing mountain oak; shrubby on dry sites, treelike in canyons
Mohr Oak	Quercus mohriana	F-P	A-D	6-15 ft	Evergreen limestone shrub oak; forms thickets, sweet acorns
Chinkapin Oak	Quercus muehlenbergii	F-P	A-D	40-60 ft	Limestone-loving shade tree; sweet low-tannin acorns feed wildlife
Mexican Blue Oak	Quercus oblongifolia	F	D	15-25 ft	Evergreen desert oak; silvery-blue leaves; very drought tolerant
Sandpaper Oak	Quercus pungens	F-P	A-D	3-10 ft	Rough sandpapery leaves; rocky canyon shrub oak, sweet acorns
Goodding's Willow	Salix gooddingii	F	W	30–50 ft	Desert riparian tree, needs perennial water; not for dry xeriscape
Red willow	Salix laevigata	F-P	W	to 45 ft	Fast-growing riparian tree; needs consistent moisture
Arroyo willow	Salix lasiolepis	F-P	W-A	10-20 ft	Riparian/arroyo thicket shrub; fast, very early spring bloom for bees
Scouler's willow	Salix scouleriana	F-P	A-D	15-30 ft	Early silvery catkins; unusually drought-tolerant for a willow
Western Soapberry	Sapindus saponaria var. drummondii	F-P	A-D	20–50 ft	Deciduous tree; toxic saponin fruit; thrives on caliche, alkaline soil
Gum Bumelia	Sideroxylon lanuginosum	F-P	A-D	20-40 ft	Tough, soil-adaptable shade tree; fragrant late-summer bloom; spiny
Mexican Buckeye	Ungnadia speciosa	F-P	D	10–20 ft	Multi-stemmed shrub; pink flowers on bare wood in spring; toxic seeds
California Fan Palm (Desert Palm)	Washingtonia filifera	F	A-W	40-60 ft	Desert oasis palm; needs reliable groundwater to reach full size
Joshua Tree	Yucca brevifolia	F	A-D	15-40 ft	Mojave Desert icon; pollinated only by the yucca moth

Arizona and New Mexico Shrubs

Common Name	Scientific Name	Sun	Moisture	Height	Comments
Prairie Acacia	Acacia angustissima	F-P	A	4 ft	Generally thornless. White blossoms.
Triangle-leaf Bursage	Ambrosia deltoidea	F	D	1–2.5 ft	Rounded Sonoran Desert shrub; very low water; saguaro nurse plant
White bursage	Ambrosia dumosa	F	D	0.7-3 ft	Keystone nurse-plant shrub; drought-deciduous; wind-pollinated
Cheesebush	Ambrosia salsola	F	D	2-6 ft	Fast-growing, thread-like leaves, erosion control, pioneer species
False Indigo Bush	Amorpha fruticosa	F	A	6–10 ft	Erosion control. Wildlife food and cover.
Desert Honeysuckle	Anisacanthus thurberi	F	D	4 ft	Red flowers and brown seeds.
Greenleaf manzanita	Arctostaphylos patula	F-P	D	2-6 ft	Cold-hardy mountain shrub, bright green leaves, resprouts after fire
Pointleaf manzanita	Arctostaphylos pungens	F	D	3-10 ft	Widespread SW chaparral/woodland shrub; red bark; pointed leaves
Sand Sagebrush	Artemisia filifolia	F	D	4 ft	Evergreen. Provides ground cover for wildlife.
Black sagebrush	Artemisia nova	F	D	4–16 in	Low cushion shrub for rocky/shallow soils; key winter wildlife browse
Four-Wing Saltbush	Atriplex canescens	F	D	5 ft	Great for birds. Good for erosion control.
Shadscale	Atriplex confertifolia	F	A-D	1-3 ft	Spiny gray shrub; extreme drought/salt tolerance, winter browse
Desert Holly	Atriplex hymenelytra	F	D	1-3 ft	Silvery saltbush for hottest/driest sites; alkaline/saline tolerant
Quail Brush	Atriplex lentiformis	F	D	8 ft	Great for birds. Hedges. Deciduous.
Allscale saltbush	Atriplex polycarpa	F	D	2–6 ft	Alkali/saline soil specialist; wildlife browse; no irrigation needed
Seepwillow	Baccharis salicifolia	F-P	W-A	6-15 ft	Fast-growing riparian pioneer; stabilizes wash banks
Desert broom	Baccharis sarothroides	F	A-D	4-8 ft	Fast-growing, broom-like shrub; females shed white seed fluff
California Brickellbush	Brickellia californica	F-P	A-D	2-5 ft	Late-blooming shrub for dry, rocky soil; not bursage
Fairy Duster	Calliandra eriophylla	F	D	36 in	Pink, fluffy ball-shaped blossoms. Evergreen.
Deerbrush	Ceanothus integerrimus	F-P	D	3-12 ft	Fragrant spring bloom; needs sharp drainage, no summer water
Desert Hackberry	Celtis pallida	F	D	8 ft	Great for wildlife. Hedges. Spiny. Erosion control.
Littleleaf Mountain Mahogany	Cercocarpus intricatus	F	D	3-10 ft	Very slow desert shrub; feathery seed plumes; rocky, dry soil
Mountain Mahogany	Cercocarpus montanus	F-P	D	16 ft	White/pink blossoms. Evergreen.
Fern Bush	Chamaebatiaria millefolium	F-P	A-D	5 ft	Attracts butterflies. Semi-evergreen. White blossoms.
Damianita	Chrysactinia mexicana	F	D	1–2 ft	Rounded evergreen mound; needle leaves; showy yellow spring bloom
Western White Clematis	Clematis ligusticifolia	P	A	15 ft	White blossoms. Tolerates many soils.
Blackbrush	Coleogyne ramosissima	F	D	1–6 ft	Very slow-growing desert shrub; rocky, well-drained soil only
Ragged Rock Flower	Crossosoma bigelovii	F	D	4 ft	Fragrant flowers.
Bush Croton	Croton fruticulosus	F-P	D	up to 3 ft	Compact limestone-rock shrub, deer resistant, velvety aromatic leaves
Feather Dalea	Dalea formosa	F	D	24 in	Good for low border or groundcover.
Black Dalea	Dalea frutescens	F	D	2-3 ft	Late-summer magenta flowers, fine gray-green foliage; deer resistant
Mormon Tea	Ephedra antisyphilitica	F	D	2-5 ft	Leafless jointed stems; red fruit on female plants; caliche soils
Mormon Tea	Ephedra nevadensis	F	D	36 in	Slow growth. Inconspicuous yellow flowers.
Joint Fir	Ephedra trifurca	F	D	6 ft	Male plants produce yellow flowers in spring.
Turpentine Bush	Ericameria laricifolia	F	D	24 in	Yellow clusters of blossoms in fall.
Flat-topped Buckwheat	Eriogonum fasciculatum v. poliofolium	F	D	18 in	Tortoises like it. White blossoms in spring.
SW Coral Bean	Erithrina flabelliformis	F	D	to 10 ft	Poisonous scarlet beans.
Kidneywood	Eysenhardtia orthocarpa	F	A-D	6-15 ft	Fragrant white flower spikes spring-fall; excellent bee/honey plant
Apache Plume	Fallugia paradoxa	F	A-D	6 ft	Hedge plant. Fuzzy fruit.
Cliff Fendlerbush	Fendlera rupicola	F	D	3–6 ft	Rock-garden shrub for dry slopes; profuse white spring blooms
Tarbush	Flourensia cernua	F	D	2-4 ft	Resinous, tar-scented Chihuahuan Desert shrub; fall yellow blooms
Desert Olive	Forestiera neomexicana	F	D	12 ft	Fruit great for wildlife.
Ocotillo	Fouquiera splendens	F	D	12 ft	Vulnerable to overwatering.
California Coffeeberry	Frangula californica	F-P	D-A	3-12 ft	Evergreen; long fruiting season feeds birds; drought tolerant
Hollyleaf redberry	Frangula ilicifolia	F-P	D	3-12 ft	Evergreen, spiny holly-like leaves; red-black berries
Flannel Bush	Fremontodendron californicum	F	D	6–20 ft	CA/AZ chaparral; big yellow blooms; hairs irritate skin/eyes
Ashy Silktassel	Garrya flavescens	F-P	D	3-10 ft	Gray-green leaves, winter flower tassels, deer resistant, slow
Silktassel	Garrya ovata	F-P	D	6–10 ft	Evergreen limestone shrub; dioecious, needs both sexes for berries
Desert Rose-mallow	Hibiscus coulteri	F	D	36 in	Nice blossoms. Grows well under larger shrubs.
Rock Hibiscus	Hibiscus denudatus	F	D	24 in	Lavender flowers.
Desert Lavender	Hyptis emoryi	F	D	4-8 ft	Fragrant gray-leaved shrub, superb bee/hummingbird plant, washes
Chuparosa	Justicia californica	F	D	3-5 ft	Drought-deciduous; top hummingbird plant for low desert
Yellow bush penstemon	Keckiella antirrhinoides	F-P	D	3-6 ft	Yellow snapdragon flowers; long spring-summer bloom; drought tolerant
White Ratany	Krameria grayi	F	A-D	1-3 ft	Spiny gray desert shrub; hemiparasitic on creosote bush
Texas Lantana	Lantana urticoides	F-P	D-A	3-6 ft	Nectar-rich, blooms Apr-Oct; unripe berries toxic
Creosote Bush	Larrea tridentate	F	D	6 ft	Slow growing.
Desert Wolfberry	Lycium andersonii	F	D	6 ft	Red berries. Great for wildlife.
Wolfberry	Lycium berlandieri	F-P	D	3–8 ft	Rangy thorny shrub; red berries feed birds, very drought tolerant
Cooper's box thorn	Lycium cooperi	F	D	2–6 ft	Spiny Mojave Desert shrub; red berries and nesting cover for wildlife
Agarita	Mahonia trifoliolata	F-P	D	3-6 ft	Spiny evergreen; fragrant yellow flowers Feb-Apr; edible red berries
Fragrant Mimosa	Mimosa borealis	F	D	2-4 ft	Thorny, fragrant pink flowers; limestone/caliche soil; deer resistant
Velvetpod Mimosa	Mimosa dysocarpa	F-P	D	3-6 ft	Thorny shrub, pink puffball blooms after monsoons; nitrogen-fixer
Parry's nolina	Nolina parryi	F	D	3-6 ft	Rosette shrub; tall cream flower spikes in spring, full sun
Mariola	Parthenium incanum	F	D	24 in	Evergreen. White blossoms. Tough.
Bladderpod	Peritoma arborea	F	D	2-5 ft	Nearly year-round yellow bloom; needs sharp drainage, deer-resistant
Mountain Ninebark	Physocarpus monogynus	P	A-D	2–4 ft	Rocky-slope shrub with shreddy bark; part sun to part shade
Hoary Rosmarymint	Poliomintha incana	F	D	4 ft	Excellent fragrance.
Honey Mesquite	Prosopis glandulosa	F	D	25 ft	Great for shade and wildlife.
Desert almond	Prunus fasciculata	F	D	3-8 ft	Wiry, spiny Mojave/Sonoran shrub; fragrant white late-winter blooms
Paper Flower	Psilostrophe cooperi	F	A-D	1-2 ft	Low-water Mojave/Sonoran subshrub; near-continuous yellow bloom
Indigo bush	Psorothamnus schottii	F	D	3-6 ft	Wiry gray-green shrub; vivid purple-blue flowers; low Colorado Desert
Shin Oak	Quercus havardii	F	D	1-5 ft	Clonal rhizomatous thicket oak; deep sandy soils; wildlife habitat
Palmer Oak	Quercus palmeri	F	D	3-10 ft	Spiny-leaved thicket shrub; rocky dry slopes CA-NV-AZ-NM; very slow
Scrub Oak	Quercus turbinella	P	D	8 ft	Evergreen.
Spiny redberry	Rhamnus crocea	F-P	D	2-8 ft	Compact, spiny-twigged evergreen; orange-red berries
Littleleaf Sumac	Rhus microphylla	F-P	D	8 ft	Fruit great for wildlife. Deciduous. Can be hedge.
Sugar Sumac	Rhus ovata	F-P	D	10 ft	Evergreen. More water/shade needed at lower elevations.
Evergreen Sumac	Rhus virens	F-P	D	6-15 ft	Evergreen shrub, fragrant fall-blooming flowers feed pollinators
Wax currant	Ribes cereum	F-P	A-D	2–6 ft	Spineless, very drought-tolerant; pink flowers, orange-red berries
New Mexico Locust	Robinia neomexicana Vaquelina californica	F	D	to 15 ft	Pink blossoms. Seeds may be poisonous.
Roemer's Acacia	Senegalia roemeriana	F	D	3–7 ft	Thorny honey-plant shrub; caliche/limestone soil; low water
Desert senna	Senna armata	F	A-D	2-3 ft	Spiny, nearly leafless shrub; fragrant yellow spring flowers
Jojoba	Simmondsia chinensis	F	D	3–6 ft	Evergreen desert shrub; oily seeds, not edible; very drought tolerant
Texas Mountain Laurel	Sophora secundiflora	F-P	A-D	10-15 ft	Evergreen; fragrant purple blooms; toxic seeds; slow-growing
Yellow Bells	Tecoma stans	F	D-A	3-8 ft	Native shrub form; blooms nearly year-round, hummingbird favorite
Gray horsebrush	Tetradymia canescens	F	D	1–3 ft	Woolly gray shrub, yellow summer flowers; foliage toxic to sheep
Arizona Rosewood	Vaquelina californica	F	D	14 ft	Evergreen.
Skeletonleaf Goldeneye	Viguiera stenoloba	F	D	2-4 ft	Feathery foliage, long-blooming yellow daisy flowers; deer resistant
New Mexico Yucca	Yucca harrimaniae var. neomexicana	F	A-D	1-2 ft (to 5 ft in bloom)	Tiny cold-hardy yucca; maroon-streaked flowers; CO/NM/OK mesas only
Lotebush	Ziziphus obtusifolia	P-F	D	3-8 ft	Dense thorny desert shrub, limestone soils, fruit for wildlife

Arizona and New Mexico Perennials

Common Name	Scientific Name	Sun	Moisture	Height	Comments
Prairie Sand Verbena	Abronia fragrans	F	D	8–40 in	Fragrant evening white blooms; deep taproot, sandy soil
Desert Sand Verbena	Abronia villosa	F	D	3-6 in	Fragrant pink annual; carpets desert sand after winter rain
Columbian Monkshood	Aconitum columbianum	F-P	W-A	2–6 ft	Highly toxic (aconitine), all parts; wet meadows/stream banks only
Texas Hummingbird Mint	Agastache cana	F-P	A-D	2-4 ft	Bubblegum-scented foliage; hummingbird magnet; needs sharp drainage
Desert Agave	Agave deserti	F	D	18 in	Forms colonies to 10' diameter. Yellow flowers.
Palmer Agave	Agave palmeri	F-P	D	36 in	Flowers to 15' stalk. Hillsides and oak woodland.
Parry's Agave	Agave parryi	P	D	24 in	One of the most cold-hardy agave plants.
Trailing Four O'Clock	Allionia incarnata	F	D	3-6 in (spreads 1-3 ft)	Prostrate desert mat, magenta flowers open mornings; drought tough
Nodding Wild Onion	Allium cernuum	F-P	A-D	8–20 in	Dry soil; nodding white-pink summer flowers; deer resistant
Drummond's Wild Onion	Allium drummondii	F	A-D	4–12 in	Spring-ephemeral prairie bulb; dormant by early summer
Rosy Pussytoes	Antennaria rosea	F	A-D	2-4 in (stems to 12 in)	Mat-forming silver groundcover; rose-pink blooms; host plant
Mountain Death Camas	Anticlea elegans	F-P	A-D	1-2.5 ft	HIGHLY TOXIC bulb/foliage; do not confuse with edible Camassia
Golden Columbine	Aquilegia chrysantha	P-S	A-W	1.5-4 ft	Long-spurred yellow flowers; needs seep or streamside moisture
flatbud prickly poppy	Argemone munita	F	D	2–4 ft	Spiny wildflower, showy white blooms; sap toxic, use gloves
Arizona Milkweed	Asclepias angustifolia	F-P	A	1-2 ft	Rare AZ borderlands native; narrow leaves, monarch host, toxic sap
Antelope Horns	Asclepias asperula	F-P	D-A	8–24 in	Clustered pale flowers. Seed pods curve, look like horns.
Zizotes Milkweed	Asclepias oenotheroides	F	A-D	6–18 in	Low, sprawling monarch host plant; needs sharp drainage
Showy Milkweed	Asclepias speciosa	F-P	A-D	2-4 ft	Monarch host plant; toxic sap; spreads by rhizome
Purple Aster	Aster bigelovii	F	D	30 in	Lavender blossoms. Reseeds prolifically.
Scarlet Locoweed	Astragalus coccineus	F	D	4-10 in	Silvery mat, vivid red hummingbird flowers; needs sharp rocky drainage
Freckled Milkvetch	Astragalus lentiginosus	F	D	4-20 in	Silvery, spreading legume; pods freckled with red, namesake feature
Desert Bahia	Bahia absinthifolia	F	D	12 in	Yellow blossoms.
Woolly Desert Marigold	Baileya pleniradiata	F	A-D	6–18 in	Toxic to sheep/goats; woolly gray foliage; yellow flowers most of year
Chocolate Daisy	Berlandiera lyrata	F	D	1-2 ft	Yellow daisy, chocolate-scented blooms; drought tolerant
Desert Mariposa Lily	Calochortus kennedyi	F	D	4-20 in	Vivid orange-red desert bulb; dry summer rest, never dig wild bulbs
Sego lily	Calochortus nuttallii	F	D	6–18 in	Utah's state flower; bulb goes dormant through dry summers
Desert Paintbrush	Castilleja angustifolia	F	A-D	6-16 in	Root hemiparasite; needs host shrub/grass; don't dig from wild
purple owl's clover	Castilleja exserta	F	A-D	4-18 in	Magenta spring annual; hemiparasitic, needs host grasses nearby
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush	Castilleja integra	F	D-A	0.5-1.5 ft	Hemiparasitic; plant near native bunchgrass host to establish
Woolly Paintbrush	Castilleja lanata	F	D	8–20 in	Red-orange bracts; hemiparasitic, needs a host grass/shrub nearby
Scarlet Paintbrush	Castilleja miniata	F-P	A-D	8-32 in	Root hemiparasite; needs grass/sedge host; don't dig from wild
Downy Paintbrush	Castilleja sessiliflora	F	D	4–16 in	Pale pink/cream bracts; hemiparasitic, needs a host grass/shrub nearby
pincushion flower	Chaenactis fremontii	F	D	2-12 in	Desert annual; sow seed in fall for spring bloom
Steve's pincushion	Chaenactis stevioides	F	A-D	2-16 in	Early-spring desert annual; pincushion-shaped white-cream heads
Water Hemlock	Cicuta maculata	F-P	W	3-6 ft	Extremely toxic; wetlands/ditches only, not for gardens
winecup clarkia	Clarkia purpurea	F-P	A-D	0.5-2 ft	Self-sowing spring annual; wine-red to lavender flowers
Miner's Lettuce	Claytonia perfoliata	P-S	A-W	4-12 in	Shade groundcover; edible mild green; self-sows, dies back in summer
Atlantic Pigeonwings	Clitoria mariana	F-P	D	1–2 ft	Twining vine; dry sandy/rocky soil; showy upright lavender flowers
grand collomia	Collomia grandiflora	F-P	D	8 in - 3 ft	Annual wildflower; apricot flowers; reseeds in lean dry soil
tapertip hawksbeard	Crepis acuminata	F	D	1-2.5 ft	Taprooted sagebrush-steppe perennial; yellow; key wildlife forage
Desert Spoon	Dasylirion wheeleri	F-P	D	4 ft	Slow growth.
Sacred Datura	Datura wrightii	F-P	D	1-5 ft	Huge night-blooming white flowers; all parts toxic; desert xeriscape
Carolina Larkspur	Delphinium carolinianum	F-P	A-D	1-3 ft	Toxic to livestock & pets; blue flowers; dry, sharp drainage
Blue Dicks	Dichelostemma capitatum	F-P	D	6 in–2 ft	Fire-follower spring bulb; dry summer dormancy required
Hoary Tansyaster	Dieteria canescens	F	D	0.5-2 ft	Bushy gray-hairy wildflower; purple fall rays, very drought tolerant
Engelmann Daisy	Engelmannia peristenia	F-P	A-D	1-3 ft	Long-blooming yellow daisy; tough on caliche/clay; deer-resistant
California Fuchsia	Epilobium canum	F	D	1-3 ft	Hummingbird magnet; scarlet fall flowers; needs sharp drainage
Plains Fleabane	Erigeron modestus	F	A-D	6–15 in	Low mound, long-blooming, needs sharp drainage
Showy Fleabane	Erigeron speciosus	S	A	18 in	Semi-evergreen.
desert trumpet	Eriogonum inflatum	F	D	1–3 ft	Distinctive inflated stems; extremely drought-tolerant desert native
Slender Buckwheat	Eriogonum microthecum	F	A-D	4in-2ft	Wiry low subshrub; many regional varieties; late-summer bloom
Cushion Buckwheat	Eriogonum ovalifolium	F	A-D	2-6 in	Silvery mat-forming cushion with round pompom flowerheads
Wright Buckwheat	Eriogonum wrightii	F	D	18 in	Blooms July - October.
California poppy	Eschscholzia californica	F	A-D	8–24 in	Orange wildflower; self-sows; needs sharp drainage
Butterfly Mist	Eupatorium greggii	F-P	A	18 in	Attracts butterflies.
Red Dome Blanketflower	Gaillardia pinnatifida	F	D	8-22 in	Long-blooming SW native; thin rocky/gypsum soils; low water
Indian Blanket	Gaillardia pulchella	F	D	10-24 in	TX/plains native, red-yellow flowers, poor dry soil, self-seeds
Sweet-scented Bedstraw	Galium triflorum	P-S	A	6-24 in trailing groundcover	Fragrant shade groundcover for rich, consistently moist soil
Northern Gentian	Gentianella amarella	F-P	W-A	4–16 in	Fringed purple autumn flowers; wet mountain meadows & fens
Desert Sunflower	Geraea canescens	F	D	8–24 in	Mojave/Sonoran annual; gold daisy blooms; drives superblooms
Richardson's Geranium	Geranium richardsonii	P	A	1–3 ft	White purple-veined flowers; aspen groves & moist mountain meadows
Globe Gilia	Gilia capitata	F-P	D-A	4 in–3 ft	Round blue flower heads; sandy/rocky soil; self-sows from seed
Goodding's Verbena	Glandularia gooddingii	F	D	6-12 in	Spreading desert wildflower, long bloom, very low water
Snakeweed	Guttierrizia sarothrae	F	D	18 in	Good groundcover. Yellow blossoms. Tough plant.
Cow parsnip	Heracleum maximum	F-P	A-W	4-8 ft	Striking wildflower; sap is phototoxic, causes skin burns in sun
Camphorweed	Heterotheca subaxillaris	F	D	5 ft	Yellow/orange blossoms. Grows well in disturbed areas.
hairy golden aster	Heterotheca villosa	F	D	6 in–2 ft	Long-blooming yellow native; very drought tolerant
Western Blue Flag	Iris missouriensis	F-P	W-A	10-28 in	Blue-violet wet-meadow iris; toxic, deer-resistant, alkaline-tolerant
Burroweed	Isocoma tenuisecta	F	D	1–3 ft	Toxic to livestock (tremetol); overgrazing indicator
Hairy Tubetongue	Justicia pilosella	P-F	A-D	3–12 in	Low mat-forming wildflower, long bloom season, attracts butterflies
Trailing Ratany	Krameria lanceolata	F	D	2-6 in	Trailing root-hemiparasite; magenta flowers for specialist oil bees
Tall Blue Lettuce	Lactuca biennis	F-P	A-W	3–8 ft	Biennial; milky sap can irritate skin
Tidy Tips	Layia platyglossa	F	A-D	6-16 in	Annual; white-tipped yellow daisy flowers, March-June, reseeds readily
Twinflower	Linnaea borealis	P-S	A-W	2-4 in	Evergreen groundcover for cool, acidic, shaded sites; slow to spread
Blue Flax	Linum lewisii	F	D	24 in	Vase-shaped with light blue blossoms.
Stiffstem Flax	Linum rigidum	F	D	6–20 in	Sparse dryland annual, red-eyed yellow flowers, self-seeds
miniature lupine	Lupinus bicolor	F-P	D	2-12 in	Low, early bicolor spikes; self-seeds; avoid rich fertilized soil
broadleaf lupine	Lupinus latifolius	F-P	A-D	1-3 ft	Showy blue-purple spikes; nitrogen-fixer; needs sharp drainage
Coulter's Lupine	Lupinus sparsiflorus	F	D	4–16 in	Desert annual; mass-blooms in wet winters, toxic if eaten
Lacy Tansyaster	Machaeranthera pinnatifida	F	D	6-18 in	Spiny lacy leaves; long-blooming yellow daisies; poor rocky soil
Starry False Lily	Maianthemum stellatum	P-S	A-D	8-18 in	Rhizomatous woodland groundcover; starry flowers; berries inedible
Snapdragon-vine	Maurandya antirrhiniflora	F-P	D	10 ft	Beautiful blossoming vine. Does well in hanging baskets.
Blackfoot Daisy	Melampodium leucanthum	F-P	D	8 in	Attractive to bees, butterflies, birds. Resistant to deer.
American Wild Mint	Mentha arvensis	F-P	W-A	6in-2ft	Native wetland mint; spreads by rhizome; flowers at leaf joints
white bractspine blazing star	Mentzelia involucrata	F	D	4-16 in	Mojave/Sonoran desert annual; large pale flowers; rocky-gravelly soil
Mountain Bluebells	Mertensia ciliata	P-F	W	1–4 ft	Streamside wildflower; pink buds open sky blue
Lemon Beebalm	Monarda citriodora	F-P	A-D	1-2.5 ft	Aromatic annual wildflower; reseeds freely; magnet for native bees
Spotted Beebalm	Monarda punctata	F	D	1-3 ft	Thyme-scented; purple-spotted flowers draw wasps and bees
Bigelow Nolina	Nolina bigelovii	F	D	8 ft	Requires well-drained soils.
Tufted Evening Primrose	Oenothera caespitosa	F	A	12 in	Showy flower.
California evening primrose	Oenothera californica	F	A-D	3-8 in	Desert mat perennial; large white flowers age pink; moth-pollinated
dune evening primrose	Oenothera deltoides	F	A-D	1-3 ft	Sandy desert biennial; large white flowers age pink; moth-pollinated
Hartweg's Sundrops	Oenothera hartwegii	F-P	D	10-24 in	Sprawling subshrub; yellow flowers fade orange; gypsum/limestone soils
Scarlet Beeblossom	Oenothera suffrutescens	F	D	1–3 ft	Full sun, dry soil; moths pollinate; spreads by rhizomes
Elephant's Head	Pedicularis groenlandica	F-P	W	6–24 in	Wet meadow specialist; needs saturated soil, often near sedges
desert beardtongue	Penstemon pseudospectabilis	F	D	2-4 ft	Showy pink spikes; top desert hummingbird plant
Penstemon	Penstemon spp.	F	A	to 36 in	Wide variety of flower colors. Attract bees, hummingbirds.
Distant phacelia	Phacelia distans	F-P	D	6-32 in	SW desert annual; valuable for pollinators; mild skin irritant
Varileaf Phacelia	Phacelia heterophylla	F-P	A-D	1-3 ft	Biennial wildflower, coiled flowers; irritant hairs, wear gloves
Fameflower	Phemeranthus calycinus	F	D	4-10 in	Rock-garden succulent; afternoon magenta blooms; needs sharp drainage
Desert Mountain Phlox	Phlox austromontana	F	D	2-6 in	Needle-leaved cushion plant; white-pink flowers; needs sharp drainage
longleaf phlox	Phlox longifolia	F	A-D	4-16 in	Sagebrush-steppe wildflower; white-pink flowers; very drought tolerant
Texas Frogfruit	Phyla nodiflora	F-P	W-D	2-6 in, spreading 3+ ft	Mat-forming lawn alternative; butterfly host; tolerates mowing
Graceful Cinquefoil	Potentilla gracilis	F-P	D	1-2 ft	Deep-rooted meadow wildflower; silvery leaf undersides; deer resistant
Few-flowered Shooting Star	Primula pauciflora	F-P	W-A	4-16 in	Spring-wet meadows/seeps only; magenta flowers; summer dormant
Paperflower	Psilostrophe tagetina	F	D	8-20 in	Woolly silvery mound; near-constant golden papery blooms
New Mexico Plumeseed	Rafinesquia neomexicana	F	D	6-20 in	Winter-spring desert annual; white chicory-like flowers, weak stems
Violet Ruellia	Ruellia nudiflora	S	A	12 in	Long, tubular, funnel-shaped flowers.
Desert Chia	Salvia columbariae	F	D	4-20 in	Annual; spiny maroon bract heads; seeds a traditional food
Great Basin sage	Salvia dorrii	F	D	1-3 ft	Blue-violet spring blooms; needs sharp drainage
Mealycup Sage	Salvia farinacea	F-P	D	18-36 in	Long-blooming perennial; mealy white calyx; TX/NM/OK native
California Bee Plant	Scrophularia californica	F-P	A-W	3-6 ft	Prolific nectar plant for bees, hummingbirds; needs regular moisture
Lindheimer Senna	Senna lindheimeriana	F-P	D	5 ft	Yellow flowers, soft green leaves. Resistant to deer.
Tall Goldenrod	Solidago altissima	F-P	A-D	3–7 ft	Spreads by rhizome; vital late-season pollinator nectar source
Goldenrod	Solidago Sparsiflora	P	D	6 ft	Yellow blossoms.
Wright's Goldenrod	Solidago wrightii	P	A	1–3 ft	Montane woodland goldenrod, late-season bloom, part shade
Copper Globemallow	Sphaeralcea angustifolia	F	D	2-5 ft	Long-blooming; coppery to pink flowers; needs sharp drainage
Small-leaf Globemallow	Sphaeralcea parvifolia	F	D	1-3 ft	Orange flowers all summer; dry soil; hairs irritate skin/eyes
Globe Mallow	Spharalcea ambigua	F	D	36 in	Short-lived, reseeds.
Four-nerve Daisy	Tetraneuris scaposa	F	A-D	4–10 in	Evergreen; long spring–fall bloom; needs rocky, sharp drainage
Greenthread	Thelesperma filifolium	F	A-D	1-2.5 ft	Fast-reseeding gold prairie annual; thrives on poor rocky soil
coastal/springbank clover	Trifolium wormskioldii	F-P	A-W	4–12 in	Native groundcover clover; magenta/white blooms; nitrogen-fixer
American Stinging Nettle	Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis	P-S	A-W	3–7 ft	Stings on contact, wear gloves; native butterfly host plant
California Corn Lily	Veratrum californicum	F-P	W-A	3–7 ft	Extremely poisonous wet-meadow perennial; keep from livestock/pets
Goosefoot Violet	Viola purpurea	F-P	D-A	2-6 in	Low rock-garden perennial, yellow flowers, very drought tolerant
Banana Yucca	Yucca baccata	F	D	4 ft	Very tough plant.
Soaptree Yucca	Yucca elata	F	D	15 ft	NM state flower. Light shade ok. Don't cut dead leaves.
Mojave yucca	Yucca schidigera	F	D	3-15 ft	Spiky evergreen rosette/tree; cream spring blooms; sharp leaf tips
Desert Zinnia	Zinnia acerosa	F	D	4–10 in	Silvery mound; white daisies after rain; full sun, very dry
Prairie Zinnia	Zinnia grandiflora	F	D	6 in	Yellow blossoms.

Arizona and New Mexico Grasses

Common Name	Scientific Name	Sun	Moisture	Height	Comments
Sand Bluestem	Andropogon hallii	F	D-A	3-7 ft	Rhizomatous dune grass; blue summer stems, bronze fall color
Silver Beard Grass	Andropogon saccharoides	F-P	D	24 in	Attractive to wildlife. Self-seeds freely.
Purple Threeawn	Aristida purpurea	P	D	12 in	Purplish-hued bunchgrass. Good fill-in grass.
Silver Bluestem	Bothriochloa laguroides	F	D	2–3 ft (3–4 ft in bloom)	Clump grass; silvery fall seed heads; very drought tolerant
Sideoats Grama	Bouteloua curtipendula	F-P	D	24 in	Reseeds easily. High forage value.
Black Grama	Bouteloua eriopoda	F	D	4–12 in (culms to 20 in)	Slow-spreading desert bunchgrass; needs sharp drainage, full sun
Blue Grama	Bouteloua gracilis	F-P	D	18 in	Good erosion control. Great for tortoises.
Hairy Grama	Bouteloua hirsuta	F-P	D	24 in	Does well at lower elevations.
Texas Grama	Bouteloua rigidiseta	F-P	D	8-12 in	Fine low bunchgrass for rocky, alkaline soils; tolerates grazing
California Brome Grass	Bromus carinatus	F-P	A-D	1.5-5 ft	Fast-establishing native bunchgrass; good for erosion control
Mountain Brome	Bromus marginatus	F-P	A-D	2-4 ft	Fast short-lived bunchgrass for erosion control and meadow mixes
Bigleaf Sedge	Carex amplifolia	P-S	W	20-39 in	Broad-leaved wetland sedge for shaded, consistently wet streambanks
Field Sedge	Carex praegracilis	F-P	A-D	8-20 in	Spreads by rhizome; tolerates clay, compaction, and alkaline soils
Two-Tooth Sedge	Carex serratodens	F-P	A-W	1-3 ft	Clumping; tolerates heavy clay and seasonal winter wet, dry by summer
San Diego sedge	Carex spissa	F-P	A-W	3-5 ft	Bold streambank sedge; moist soil, sharp leaf edges
Fox sedge	Carex vulpinoidea	F-P	A-W	1–3 ft	Sunny wet meadow sedge; bristly brown spikes; rain gardens, pond edges
California Oatgrass	Danthonia californica	F-P	A-D	1-3 ft	Cool-season bunchgrass for meadows and prairie restoration
Fluffgrass	Dasyochloa pulchella	F	D	4–8 in	Tiny desert bunchgrass; fuzzy white seed plumes; zero-water plant
annual hairgrass	Deschampsia danthonioides	F-P	W-D	1-2 ft	Annual vernal pool/seasonal wetland grass; wet-then-dry cycle required
Slender Hairgrass	Deschampsia elongata	P	A	30 in	Blossoms in fall.
Arizona Cottontop	Digitaria californica	F	D	36 in	Blooms late summer to fall. Tortoise grass.
Salt Grass	Distichlis stricta	F	A	12 in	Salt tolerant. Good greywater plant.
Common Spikerush	Eleocharis palustris	F-P	W	8–32 in	Rhizomatous wetland sedge; stabilizes pond/stream margins
Bottlebrush Squirreltail	Elymus elymoides	P	A	18 in	Requires more water & shade a lower elevations.
blue wildrye	Elymus glaucus	F-P	A-D	2-4 ft	Fast-establishing bunchgrass; good erosion control; short-lived
Big Squirreltail	Elymus multisetus	F	A-D	6-20 in	Shaggy-awned bunchgrass; fast post-fire restoration grass
Brittlebrush	Encelia farinose	F	D	36 in	Yellow flowers. Vulnerable to overwatering.
Arizona Fescue	Festuca arizonica	F-P	D	2–4 ft	Fine blades. High forage value.
Pili Grass	Heteropogon contortus	F	D	1-3 ft	Native bunchgrass of HI & SW deserts; twisted awns; not native in FL
Curly Mesquite	Hilaria belangeri	F	D	6 in	Short sod grass. Prefers loamy soils.
Baltic Rush	Juncus balticus	F	W-A	1–3 ft	Rhizomatous wetland rush; green stems; key fiber plant for basketry
June Grass	Koeleria micrantha	P	A	12 in	High forage value. Larger at higher elevations.
Green Sprangletop	Leptochloa dubia	F-P	D	1.5-3.5 ft	Warm-season bunchgrass; excellent forage, used in rangeland seeding
Beardless Wildrye	Leymus triticoides	F-P	A-W	1.5-4 ft	Rhizomatous, sod-forming; tolerates saline soil, holds streambanks
Arizona Muhly	Muhlenbergia arizonica	F-P	A-D	6-20 in	Rare SE AZ/SW NM canyon grass; long hair-thin awns; rocky soil
Mountain Muhly	Muhlenbergia montana	F	A-D	1-3 ft	Key ponderosa pine forage grass; deep roots; needs sharp drainage
Bush-muhly	Muhlenbergia porteri	F	D	36 in	Purplish. High forage value. Great for tortoises.
Deergrass	Muhlenbergia rigens	F	A-D	3-5 ft	Classic basketry grass; fountain form, tough and low-water
Spike Muhly	Muhlenbergia wrightii	F	A-D	6 in-2 ft	Slow-establishing bunchgrass; tolerates alkaline/caliche soil
Texas Needlegrass	Nassella tenuissima	F	D	1–2 ft	Fine thread-like foliage; not for CA/NV, invasive there
Beargrass	Nolina microcarpa	F-P	D	5 ft	Handsome flowering clumps.
Hall's Panicgrass	Panicum hallii	F	A-D	1-2 ft	Small bunchgrass; blades curl like ribbons when dry; long bloom
Vine Mesquite	Panicum obtusum	F-P	A-D	12 in	Low, spreading grass.
Switchgrass	Panicum virgatum	F-P	A	3–5 ft	Large bunchgrass.
Tobosa	Pleuraphis mutica	F	A-D	1-3 ft	Sod-forming grass for heavy clay flats; vital drought-season forage
Big Galleta	Pleuraphis rigida	F	A-D	1-3 ft	Tough Mojave/Sonoran bunchgrass; woolly nodes, erosion control
Blowout Grass	Redfieldia flexuosa	F	D	1.5-3 ft	Rhizomatous dune-stabilizer; needs loose sand, full sun
Tumblegrass	Schedonnardus paniculatus	F	A-D	6-20 in	Tough Plains/SW grass for restoration on disturbed soils
Chairmaker's Bulrush	Schoenoplectus americanus	F-P	W	1-4 ft	Leafless triangular-stemmed sedge; fresh/brackish marshes, pond edges
Burrograss	Scleropogon brevifolius	F	D	2–12 in	Tough mat-forming grass for dry, rocky, alkaline soil
Streambed Bristlegrass	Setaria leucopila	F	D	1–3 ft	Drought-tolerant bunchgrass; good livestock forage, fair for wildlife
Indian Grass	Sorghastrum nutens	P	A	36 in	Large bunchgrass.
Alkali Sacaton	Sporobolus airoides	F	D	24 in	Small bunchgrass.
Sand Dropseed	Sporobolus cryptandrus	F	D	2–5 ft	Prefers well-drained soil.
Big Sacaton	Sporobolus wrightii	F	A-W	3-8 ft	Giant floodplain bunchgrass; tolerates flooding and alkali soil
False Rhodes Grass	Trichloris crinita	F	A-D	1-3 ft	Feathery whorled seed heads; desert bunchgrass, very low water
White Tridens	Tridens albescens	F	A-D	1-2.5 ft	Pale narrow seed head; tolerates heavy clay/caliche soils
Slim Tridens	Tridens muticus	F	A-D	1-2.5 ft	Wiry rocky-soil bunchgrass; reddish narrow panicle, awnless

Arizona and New Mexico Cacti

Common Name	Scientific Name	Sun	Moisture	Height	Comments
Lechuguilla	Agave lechuguilla	F	D	1-2 ft	Spiny Chihuahuan Desert agave; flowers once, then dies
Utah agave	Agave utahensis	F	D	8-20 in (stalk to 13 ft)	Spiny rosette; rocky/limestone sites; slow-growing, cold-hardy
Saguaro	Carnegiea gigantea	F	D	40-60'	AZ state wildflower; white night blooms May-June; very slow growing
Teddy Bear Cholla	Cylindropuntia bigelovii	F	D	1.5-5 ft	Spiny; detachable joints; keep away from paths/pets
Golden cholla	Cylindropuntia echinocarpa	F	D	1.5-4 ft	Spiny branching shrub; very drought tolerant, full sun, sandy soil
Jumping Cholla / Chainfruit Cholla	Cylindropuntia fulgida	F	D	3-10 ft	Sonoran Desert cactus tree; barbed spines; keep away from paths/pets
Tree Cholla	Cylindropuntia imbricata	F	D	3-8 ft	Cold-hardy, tree-form cholla; pink flowers, yellow persistent fruit
Christmas Cactus (Tasajillo)	Cylindropuntia leptocaulis	F-P	D	1-3 ft	Wiry cholla; bright red fruit persists fall through winter
Pencil Cholla	Cylindropuntia ramosissima	F	D	1.5-4 ft	Wiry pencil-thin stems; detachable spines, site away from paths
Smooth Sotol	Dasylirion leiophyllum	F	A-D	3-6 ft	Very slow-growing; rounded rosette; hooked leaf teeth; TX/NM
Cottontop cactus	Echinocactus polycephalus	F	D	8-20 in	Slow-growing spiny mound cactus; rocky/gravelly soil, full sun
Texas Rainbow Cactus	Echinocereus dasyacanthus	F	D	6-12 in	Chihuahuan Desert hedgehog cactus; huge multicolored spring flowers
Hedgehog Cactus	Echinocereus engelmannii	F	D	2'	Magenta flowers.
Lace Hedgehog Cactus	Echinocereus reichenbachii	F	D	3-8 in	Clumping hedgehog cactus; lace-like spines, magenta spring flowers
Claret Cup Cactus	Echinocereus triglochidiatus	F	D	6-16 in	Mounding cactus, scarlet flowers, rocky soil, hummingbird favorite
California Barrel Cactus	Ferocactus cylindraceus	F	D	2–6 ft	Mojave/Sonoran barrel cactus, red spines. Protected, no collecting.
Fishhook Barrel	Ferocactus wislizeni	F	D	6'	Reddish orange flowers. Needs very little water.
Chihuahuan Fishhook Cactus	Glandulicactus uncinatus	F	D	4-10 in	Long hooked spines; slow-growing, never collect from the wild
Little Nipple Cactus	Mammillaria heyderi	F	D	2-4 in	Low solitary cactus; ring of spring flowers; red fruit
Foothill Beargrass	Nolina erumpens	F	A-D	2-2.6 ft	Trans-Pecos TX & S NM; fine grasslike tuft; cream summer flowers
Texas Beargrass	Nolina texana	F-P	A-D	2-4 ft	Grass-like evergreen clump; TX/NM; rocky soils; very low care
Beavertail cactus	Opuntia basilaris	F	D	6-20 in	Spreading spineless cactus; magenta blooms; glochids irritate skin
Engelmann's Prickly Pear	Opuntia engelmannii	F	D	3-6 ft	Cold-hardy desert cactus, yellow flowers, edible fruit, rocky soil
Purple Prickly Pear	Opuntia macrocentra	F	D	1–2 ft	Pads flush violet-purple in cold/drought; black spines
Tulip Prickly Pear	Opuntia phaeacantha	F	D	1–3 ft	Cold-hardy prickly pear; yellow-apricot blooms; pads blush purple
Organ Pipe Cactus	Stenocereus thurberi	F	D	12-20 ft	Protected AZ native; cold-tender; buy nursery stock only
Narrowleaf Yucca	Yucca angustissima	F	D	1.5-3 ft (stalk to 7 ft)	Spiny rosette; dry capsule, not fleshy like banana yucca
Torrey Yucca	Yucca torreyi	F	A-D	6-15 ft	Chihuahuan Desert yucca; trunk-forming; sharp leaf tips

Sun Exposure	Soil Moisture	Drought Tolerance
F = Full Sun	W = Wet	E = Excellent
P = Part Sun	A = Average	G = Good
S = Shade	D = Dry	M = Moderate
		P = Poor

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Native Plant List – Arizona & New Mexico